[8] (As the Carolingian pound seems to have been about 489.5grams,[9][10] each penny weighted about 2grams.) ', '-_', 'zZ', 'vV'], 'T': ['hH', 'cC', 'rR', 'nN', 'wW', 'mM'], 'U': ['eE', 'pP', 'yY', 'iI', 'kK', 'jJ'], 'V': ['wW', 'nN', 'sS', 'zZ', null, null], 'W': ['mM', 'tT', 'nN', 'vV', null, null], 'X': ['kK', 'iI', 'dD', 'bB', null, null], 'Y': ['pP', '5%', '6^', 'fF', 'iI', 'uU'], 'Z': ['vV', 'sS', '-_', null, null, null], '[': ['0)', null, null, ']}', '/? 450-1100)-language text, Articles containing Old Saxon-language text, Articles containing Icelandic-language text, Articles containing Swedish-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with dead external links from May 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles containing Old High German (ca. The Bodleian Libraries at the University of Oxford is the largest university library system in the United Kingdom. )n variations *= 2n elsen # this case is similar to capitalization:n # with aa44a, U = 3, S = 2, attacker needs to try unsubbed + one sub + two subsn p = Math.min(U, S)n possibilities = 0n possibilities += @nCk(U + S, i) for i in [1..p]n variations *= possibilitiesn variationsnn # utilities --------------------------------------------------------------------nnmodule.exports = scoringn', 'time_estimates =n estimate_attack_times: (guesses) ->n crack_times_seconds =n online_throttling_100_per_hour: guesses / (100 / 3600)n online_no_throttling_10_per_second: guesses / 10n offline_slow_hashing_1e4_per_second: guesses / 1e4n offline_fast_hashing_1e10_per_second: guesses / 1e10nn crack_times_display = {}n for scenario, seconds of crack_times_secondsn crack_times_display[scenario] = @display_time secondsnn crack_times_seconds: crack_times_secondsn crack_times_display: crack_times_displayn score: @guesses_to_score guessesnnn guesses_to_score: (guesses) ->n DELTA = 5n if guesses < 1e3 + DELTAn # risky password: 'too guessable'n 0n else if guesses < 1e6 + DELTAn # modest protection from throttled online attacks: 'very guessable'n 1n else if guesses < 1e8 + DELTAn # modest protection from unthrottled online attacks: 'somewhat guessable'n 2n else if guesses < 1e10 + DELTAn # modest protection from offline attacks: 'safely unguessable'n # assuming a salted, slow hash function like bcrypt, scrypt, PBKDF2, argon, etcn 3n elsen # strong protection from offline attacks under same scenario: 'very unguessable'n 4nn display_time: (seconds) ->n minute = 60n hour = minute * 60n day = hour * 24n month = day * 31n year = month * 12n century = year * 100n [display_num, display_str] = if seconds < 1n [null, 'less than a second']n else if seconds < minuten base = Math.round secondsn [base, '#{base} second']n else if seconds < hourn base = Math.round seconds / minuten [base, '#{base} minute']n else if seconds < dayn base = Math.round seconds / hourn [base, '#{base} hour']n else if seconds < monthn base = Math.round seconds / dayn [base, '#{base} day']n else if seconds < yearn base = Math.round seconds / monthn [base, '#{base} month']n else if seconds < centuryn base = Math.round seconds / yearn [base, '#{base} year']n elsen [null, 'centuries']n display_str += 's' if display_num? - Gig (Original Mix), Processing Vessel - Always Wonder (Kananelo Matlolane Remix), Processing Vessel - Always Wonder (Ilias Katelanos Remix), Pour Le Plaisir, Darelectric - Always the Same (Original Mix), Pour Le Plaisir, Darelectric - Always the Same (Darelectric Remix), Pointer Sisters - Jump (For My Love) (12&' Long Version), Philippe Liard - Kiss My Aceton (Original Mix), Paul & Panchez, Alex Moiss - Boiling Hot (Original Mix), Paul & Panchez, Alex Moiss - Boiling Hot (I Gemin Remix), Paul & Panchez, Alex Moiss - Boiling Hot (Dirtytwo Remix), Patz & Grimbard - Dolly Song (Leva&'s Polka) (Extended Mix), Patrice D&'Angelo - Elephant Show (Original Mix), Patrice D&'Angelo - Circus Parano (Original Mix), Patch Free - The Master Voice (Original Mix), Pako Ramirez - Check This Sound (Original Mix), Okinawa Delays, Satoko Ishimine - Lotta Love (Psychemagik Dub Mix), Ohm-G - Hulectric Soul (Deep Dive Corp. Remix), Nuyorica, Tom Forester - Let It Go (Extended Mix), Nicolas Petracca - Alone in the Dark (Original Mix), Nicky Romero, Trilane, Kokaholla - Bittersweet feat Quarterback (Krosses Extended Remix), Nicky Romero, Trilane, Kokaholla - Bittersweet feat Quarterback (Justin Prime Extended Remix), Nicky Romero, Trilane, Kokaholla - Bittersweet feat Quarterback (Junior J Extended Remix), Nicky Romero, Trilane, Kokaholla - Bittersweet feat Quarterback (Firelite Extended Remix), Nervous Kid - Back 2 Disco (Original Mix), Neil Bronson, Bertello - Summer Vibes (Original Mix), Natema, Sugar Hill - Trouble So Hard (Original Mix), Nalin & Kane - Beachball 2017 (Sebastien Extended Remix), MSP, Casper Nielsen - The Ballbreaker Suite (Original Mix), Moonbootica, BONDI - Lost & Found (Moonbootica Remix), Modento - Give Me the Sunshine (Vertigini Remix), MK, Becky Hill, Jonas Blue - Back & Forth (Treasure Fingers Extended Remix), MK, Becky Hill, Jonas Blue - Back & Forth (Boston Bun Disco Frenetico Extended Remix), Mike Mago, Dog Collective - Always On My Mind (Nihil Young Extended Remix), Matthew Yates - Hater Motivator (Remix) (Instrumental), Massimiliano Troiani - Adventures of a 70s Rider, Vol. Some of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms initially copied the solidus, the late Roman gold coin; at the time, however, gold was so rare and valuable that even the smallest coins had such a great value that they could only be used in very large transactions and were sometimes not available at all. For the 48th Vice President of the United States, see, From top to bottom: a penny depicting King, "He sal haf a penny til his noynsankys", This may be the source or a development of the "See a pin and pick it up, all the day you'll have good luck" recorded in a mid-19th century edition of, Efforts to eliminate the penny in the United States, History of the English penny (c. 600 1066), "The Cartwheel Penny and Twopence of 1797", "Penny History - Americans for Common Cents", "Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery Information Centre", "Around the Nation; Treasurer Says Zinc Penny May Save $50 Million a Year", "Federal Budget 2012: Pennies to Be Withdrawn from Circulation", "What's the Origin of "A Penny for Your Thoughts"? From the 16th century, the regular plural pennies fell out of use in England when referring to a sum of money (e.g. ', null, null], 'a': [null, 'qQ', 'wW', 'sS', 'zZ', null], 'b': ['vV', 'gG', 'hH', 'nN', null, null], 'c': ['xX', 'dD', 'fF', 'vV', null, null], 'd': ['sS', 'eE', 'rR', 'fF', 'cC', 'xX'], 'e': ['wW', '3#', '4$', 'rR', 'dD', 'sS'], 'f': ['dD', 'rR', 'tT', 'gG', 'vV', 'cC'], 'g': ['fF', 'tT', 'yY', 'hH', 'bB', 'vV'], 'h': ['gG', 'yY', 'uU', 'jJ', 'nN', 'bB'], 'i': ['uU', '8*', '9(', 'oO', 'kK', 'jJ'], 'j': ['hH', 'uU', 'iI', 'kK', 'mM', 'nN'], 'k': ['jJ', 'iI', 'oO', 'lL', ',<', 'mM'], 'l': ['kK', 'oO', 'pP', ';:', '.>', ',<'], 'm': ['nN', 'jJ', 'kK', ',<', null, null], 'n': ['bB', 'hH', 'jJ', 'mM', null, null], 'o': ['iI', '9(', '0)', 'pP', 'lL', 'kK'], 'p': ['oO', '0)', '-_', '[{', ';:', 'lL'], 'q': [null, '1! Uncommon words are better. Bodleian Libraries. or, if there's more uppercase than lower (for eg. ', '2@', 'wW', 'aA', null], 'R': ['eE', '4$', '5%', 'tT', 'fF', 'dD'], 'S': ['aA', 'wW', 'eE', 'dD', 'xX', 'zZ'], 'T': ['rR', '5%', '6^', 'yY', 'gG', 'fF'], 'U': ['yY', '7&', '8*', 'iI', 'jJ', 'hH'], 'V': ['cC', 'fF', 'gG', 'bB', null, null], 'W': ['qQ', '2@', '3#', 'eE', 'sS', 'aA'], 'X': ['zZ', 'sS', 'dD', 'cC', null, null], 'Y': ['tT', '6^', '7&', 'uU', 'hH', 'gG'], 'Z': [null, 'aA', 'sS', 'xX', null, null], '[': ['pP', '-_', '=+', ']}', '', ';:'], ': [']}', null, null, null, null, null], ']': ['[{', '=+', null, '|', null, ''], '^': ['5%', null, null, '7&', 'yY', 'tT'], '_': ['0)', null, null, '=+', '[{', 'pP'], '`': [null, null, null, '1! ', '|']n l: ['1', '|', '7']n o: ['0']n s: ['$', '5']n t: ['+', '7']n x: ['%']n z: ['2']nnREGEXEN =n recent_year: /19dd|200d|201d/gnnDATE_MAX_YEAR = 2050nDATE_MIN_YEAR = 1000nDATE_SPLITS =n 4:[ # for length-4 strings, eg 1191 or 9111, two ways to split:n [1, 2] # 1 1 91 (2nd split starts at index 1, 3rd at index 2)n [2, 3] # 91 1 1n ]n 5:[n [1, 3] # 1 11 91n [2, 3] # 11 1 91n ]n 6:[n [1, 2] # 1 1 1991n [2, 4] # 11 11 91n [4, 5] # 1991 1 1n ]n 7:[n [1, 3] # 1 11 1991n [2, 3] # 11 1 1991n [4, 5] # 1991 1 11n [4, 6] # 1991 11 1n ]n 8:[n [2, 4] # 11 11 1991n [4, 6] # 1991 11 11n ]nnmatching =n empty: (obj) -> (k for k of obj).length 0n extend: (lst, lst2) -> lst.push.apply lst, lst2n translate: (string, chr_map) -> (chr_map[chr] or chr for chr in string.split(')).join(')n mod: (n, m) -> ((n % m) + m) % m # mod impl that works for negative numbersn sorted: (matches) ->n # sort on i primary, j secondaryn matches.sort (m1, m2) ->n (m1.i - m2.i) or (m1.j - m2.j)nn # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------n # omnimatch -- combine everything ----------------------------------------------n # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------nn omnimatch: (password) ->n matches = []n matchers = [n @dictionary_matchn @reverse_dictionary_matchn @l33t_matchn @spatial_matchn @repeat_matchn @sequence_matchn @regex_matchn @date_matchn ]n for matcher in matchersn @extend matches, matcher.call(this, password)n @sorted matchesnn #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------n # dictionary match (common passwords, english, last names, etc) ----------------n #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------nn dictionary_match: (password, _ranked_dictionaries = RANKED_DICTIONARIES) ->n # _ranked_dictionaries variable is for unit testing purposesn matches = []n len = password.lengthn password_lower = password.toLowerCase()n for dictionary_name, ranked_dict of _ranked_dictionariesn for i in [0len]n for j in [ilen]n if password_lower[i..j] of ranked_dictn word = password_lower[i..j]n rank = ranked_dict[word]n matches.pushn pattern: 'dictionary'n i: in j: jn token: password[i..j]n matched_word: wordn rank: rankn dictionary_name: dictionary_namen reversed: falsen l33t: falsen @sorted matchesnn reverse_dictionary_match: (password, _ranked_dictionaries = RANKED_DICTIONARIES) ->n reversed_password = password.split(').reverse().join(')n matches = @dictionary_match reversed_password, _ranked_dictionariesn for match in matchesn match.token = match.token.split(').reverse().join(') # reverse backn match.reversed = truen # map coordinates back to original stringn [match.i, match.j] = [n password.length - 1 - match.jn password.length - 1 - match.in ]n @sorted matchesnn set_user_input_dictionary: (ordered_list) ->n RANKED_DICTIONARIES['user_inputs'] = build_ranked_dict ordered_list.slice()nn #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------n # dictionary match with common l33t substitutions ------------------------------n #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------nn # makes a pruned copy of l33t_table that only includes password's possible substitutionsn relevant_l33t_subtable: (password, table) ->n password_chars = {}n for chr in password.split(')n password_chars[chr] = truen subtable = {}n for letter, subs of tablen relevant_subs = (sub for sub in subs when sub of password_chars)n if relevant_subs.length > 0n subtable[letter] = relevant_subsn subtablenn # returns the list of possible 1337 replacement dictionaries for a given passwordn enumerate_l33t_subs: (table) ->n keys = (k for k of table)n subs = [[]]nn dedup = (subs) ->n deduped = []n members = {}n for sub in subsn assoc = ([k,v] for k,v in sub)n assoc.sort()n label = (k+','+v for k,v in assoc).join('-')n unless label of membersn members[label] = truen deduped.push subn dedupednn helper = (keys) ->n return if not keys.lengthn first_key = keys[0]n rest_keys = keys[1..]n next_subs = []n for l33t_chr in table[first_key]n for sub in subsn dup_l33t_index = -1n for i in [0sub.length]n if sub[i][0] l33t_chrn dup_l33t_index = in breakn if dup_l33t_index -1n sub_extension = sub.concat [[l33t_chr, first_key]]n next_subs.push sub_extensionn elsen sub_alternative = sub.slice(0)n sub_alternative.splice(dup_l33t_index, 1)n sub_alternative.push [l33t_chr, first_key]n next_subs.push subn next_subs.push sub_alternativen subs = dedup next_subsn helper(rest_keys)nn helper(keys)n sub_dicts = [] # convert from assoc lists to dictsn for sub in subsn sub_dict = {}n for [l33t_chr, chr] in subn sub_dict[l33t_chr] = chrn sub_dicts.push sub_dictn sub_dictsnn l33t_match: (password, _ranked_dictionaries = RANKED_DICTIONARIES, _l33t_table = L33T_TABLE) ->n matches = []n for sub in @enumerate_l33t_subs @relevant_l33t_subtable(password, _l33t_table)n break if @empty sub # corner case: password has no relevant subs.n subbed_password = @translate password, subn for match in @dictionary_match(subbed_password, _ranked_dictionaries)n token = password[match.i..match.j]n if token.toLowerCase() match.matched_wordn continue # only return the matches that contain an actual substitutionn match_sub = {} # subset of mappings in sub that are in use for this matchn for subbed_chr, chr of sub when token.indexOf(subbed_chr) != -1n match_sub[subbed_chr] = chrn match.l33t = truen match.token = tokenn match.sub = match_subn match.sub_display = ('#{k} -> #{v}' for k,v of match_sub).join(', ')n matches.push matchn @sorted matches.filter (match) ->n # filter single-character l33t matches to reduce noise.n # otherwise '1' matches 'i', '4' matches 'a', both very common English wordsn # with low dictionary rank.n match.token.length > 1nn # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------n # spatial match (qwerty/dvorak/keypad) -----------------------------------------n # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------nn spatial_match: (password, _graphs = GRAPHS) ->n matches = []n for graph_name, graph of _graphsn @extend matches, @spatial_match_helper(password, graph, graph_name)n @sorted matchesnn SHIFTED_RX: /[~!@#$%^&*()_+QWERTYUIOP{}|ASDFGHJKL:'ZXCVBNM<>?
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